Biography of Cy Twombly, Romantic Symbolist Artist

Cy Twombly (born Edwin Parker Cy Twombly, Jr.; April 25, 1928–July 5, 2011) was an American artist known for works featuring scribbled, sometimes graffiti-like paintings. He was often inspired by classical myths and poetry. His style is called romantic symbolism for its interpretation of classical material in shapes and words or wordless calligraphy. Twombly also created sculptures during much of his career. Fast Facts: Cy Twombly Occupation: ArtistKnown For: Romantic symbolist paintings and characteristic scribblesBorn: April 25, 1928 in Lexington, VirginiaDied: July 5, 2011 in Rome, ItalyEducation: School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Black Mountain CollegeSelected Works: Academy (1955), Nine Discourses on Commodus (1963), Untitled (New York) (1970)Notable Quote: I swear if I had to do this over again, I would just do the paintings and never show them. Early Life and Education Cy Twombly grew up in Lexington, Virginia. He was the son of a professional baseball player, Cy Twombly, Sr., who had a short major league career pitching for the Chicago White Sox. Both men were nicknamed Cy after legendary pitcher Cy Young. As a child, Cy Twombly practiced art with kits that his family ordered from the Sears Roebuck catalog. He began taking art lessons at age 12. His instructor was painter Pierre Daura, a Catalan artist who fled Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the 1930s. After high school, Twombly studied at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and Washington and Lee University. In 1950, he began studying at the Art Students League of New York, where he met fellow artist Robert Rauschenberg. The two men became lifelong friends. With Rauschenbergs encouragement, Twombly spent much of 1951 and 1952 studying at the now-defunct Black Mountain College in North Carolina with artists like Franz Kline, Robert Motherwell, and Ben Shahn. Klines black-and-white abstract expressionist paintings, in particular, heavily influenced Twomblys early work. Twomblys first solo exhibition took place at the Samuel M. Kootz Gallery in New York in 1951. Military Influence and Early Success With a grant from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Cy Twombly traveled to Africa and Europe in 1952. Robert Rauschenberg accompanied him. When Twombly returned to the U.S. in 1953, Twombly and Rauschenberg presented a two-person show in New York City that was so scandalous, the visitor comments book was removed to avoid the negative and hostile responses to the show. In 1953 and 1954, Cy Twombly served in the U.S. Army as a cryptologist deciphering coded communication. While on weekend leaves, he experimented with the Surrealist art technique of automatic drawing, and he adapted it to create a methodology for drawing in the dark. The result was abstract forms and curves that emerged as key elements of later paintings. Cy Twombly Academy (1955) at Museum of Modern Art, New York City, USA. Robert Alexander / Getty Images From 1955 through 1959, Twombly emerged as a prominent New York artist associating with both Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns. During this period, his scribbled pieces on white canvas gradually evolved. His work became simpler in form and monochromatic in tone. By the late 1950s, his pieces appeared on dark canvas with what looked like white lines scratched into the surface. Romantic Symbolism and Blackboard Paintings In 1957, on a trip to Rome, Cy Twombly met Italian artist Baroness Tatiana Franchetti. They married in New York City in 1959 and soon moved to Italy. Twombly spent part of the year in Italy and part in the U.S. for the rest of his life. After moving to Europe, classical Roman myths began to heavily influence Twomblys art. In the 1960s, he frequently used classical mythology as source material. He created cycles based on myths like Leda and the Swan and The Birth of Venus. His work was dubbed romantic symbolism, as the paintings were not directly representational but rather were meant to symbolize the classical, romantic content. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Twombly created what are often called the Blackboard Paintings: scrawled white writing on a dark surface that resembles a chalkboard. The writing does not form words. In the studio, Twombly reportedly sat on the shoulders of a friend and moved back and forth along the canvas to create his curving lines. Cy Twomblys Untitled (New York City) at Christies auction. Peter Mcdiarmid / Getty Images In 1963, after the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy, Twombly created a series of paintings informed by the life of the assassinated Roman emperor Commodus, son of Marcus Aurelius. He titled it Nine Discourses on Commodus. The paintings include violent splatters of color against the background of grey canvases. When exhibited in New York in 1964, American critics reviews were largely negative. However, the Commodus series is now seen as one of Twomblys most significant achievements. Sculpture Cy Twombly created sculpture from found objects throughout the 1950s, but he stopped producing three-dimensional work in 1959 and did not begin again until the mid-1970s. Twombly returned to found and discarded objects, but just like his paintings, his sculptures were newly influenced by classical myths and literature. Most of Twomblys sculptures are painted white—in fact, he once said, White paint is my marble. Cy Twombly sculptures and paintings at the Broad Museum in Los Angeles, California, USA. Santi Visalli / Getty Images Twomblys sculpted works were not well-known to the public for most of his career. An exhibition of selected sculpted pieces from throughout his career was shown at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 2011, the year of Twomblys death. Since they are constructed mostly of found objects, many observers see his sculpture as a three-dimensional record of the artists life. Later Works and Legacy Late in his career, Cy Twombly added more bright color to his work, and on occasion his pieces were representational, such as his massive late-career paintings of roses and peonies. Classical Japanese art influenced these works; some are even inscribed with Japanese haiku poetry. Untitled (Roses), Cy Twombly (2008) at the Broadhurst Museum in Munich. Miguel Villagran / Getty Images One of Twomblys final works was the painting of the ceiling of a sculpture gallery at the Louvre museum in Paris, France. He died of cancer on July 5, 2011, in Rome, Italy. Twombly avoided the trappings of celebrity for most of his career. He chose to let his painting and sculpture speak for themselves. The Milwaukee Art Museum presented the first Twombly retrospective in 1968. Later major exhibitions included a 1979 retrospective at the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Museum of Modern Arts 1994 retrospective in New York City. Many see Twomblys work as a significant influence on important contemporary artists. Echoes of his approach to symbolism are seen in the work of Italian artist Francesco Clemente. Twomblys paintings also presaged the large-scale paintings by Julian Schnabel and the use of scribbling in the work of Jean-Michel Basquiat. Sources Rivkin, Joshua. Chalk: The Art and Erasure of Cy Twombly. Melville House, 2018.Storsve, Jonas. Cy Twombly. Sieveking, 2017.

Compare and Contrast two ethical theories. - 2170 Words

In this essay I have chosen to compare two opposing theories, Immanuel Kant s absolutist deontological ethics and Joseph Fletchers relativist situation ethics. The deontological ethics focuses on actions made according to duty and the categorical imperative - which shows how acts are intrinsically good or bad. The situation ethics state that no act is intrinsically good or bad, and that actions should b made according to love. From this perspective it looks as thought Kant s views were less personal than Fletcher s, although in actuality both focus on the best outcome for humans. Deontological ethics is concerned with actions, not consequences. To act with good intention but have a bad outcome is still moral. Similarly if the intention†¦show more content†¦Fletcher believed that there are three types of ethical theories; legalistic ethics, antinomian ethics and situation ethics. Deontology would be considered legalistic as it uses moral law as a set of prefabricated rules - much like in Christian traditions, which focus on natural moral law and the commandments from the bible. According to Fletcher this would lead to problem s when life s difficulties require additional laws. To explain this he used an example of murder once murder has been prohibited - one has to clarify the meaning in relation to killing in self defence, abortion, killing in war, euthanasia and so on. A legalist would have to accommodate them. Fletcher rejected this as it can create confusion - there would be too many rules to learn. Antinomian ethics is the direct opposite of legalistic ethics. All decisions are made spontaneously as if every situation was unique. There are no ethical rules - antinomian meaning against law . it is literally unprincipled, purely ad hoc and casual. They are exactly, anarchic -i.e. without a rule. Fletcher (1963). Fletcher was equally critical of antinomianism as there is on structure to it. The third approach to ethics is situational ethics. This approach seems to be a compromise between legalistic and antinomian views as a situationist follows the rules of society, but will set them aside if love seems better served by doing so. the situationist follows a moral law orShow MoreRelatedDescribe the Main Principles of the Two Normative Ethical Theories of Deontology and Utilitarianism. Compare and Contrast the Two Theories, Bringing Out Any Problems or Limitations You See in Each.1652 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe the main principles of the two normative ethical theories of deontology and utilitarianism. Compare and contrast the two theories, bringing out any problems or limitations you see in each. Bioethics Essay †¢ Intro: Define ethics and define and introduce the two theories. 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All About Eve Free Essays

Ironically, we see the story repeating Itself at the end of the film. The story itself reflects a history that is as old as show business. Betty Davis’ plays Margo Changing, the star of the film fears her stardom will soon fade do to her turning 40 years of age. We will write a custom essay sample on All About Eve or any similar topic only for you Order Now Margo goes through a series of events were she panics do to her aging. In reality being the age of 40 is not very old. However, in film business actresses are unable to play various roles. Ideally, most roles are created for pretty young woman, and after a certain age it is difficult to portray those oleos. Males however, are able to continue their advancing years In many roles. Marco’s character Is egoistical, very demanding, and obsessed with stardom’s. Her life revolves around theater. The numbers of roles that are offered to her are suddenly decreasing. Although her character shows confidence on the outside, in the inside she is full of insecurities. Betty Davis’ was the perfect candidate for this role. Davis’ herself was a very famous Hollywood star whose career was going down the drain due to aging. This movie put this aging actress back to the top. Ann Baxter plays the role of Eve. This character plays a role of a star struck fan. At first Eve seems to be a very naive, and sweet. Eve Is dressed down at the beginning in an old trench coat and hat. She Is setting herself up for an Improvising soul who has to pay cheap for a ticket at a standing room; giving the illusion that she is caught up with the love of the theater. She soon becomes Marco’s assistant, and then understudy. Both actresses convey their roles in such a natural way that it seems as if the roles were written for them. Actuality, there was other actresses who were noninsured for these roles, but the castings prevailed. In the film, Eve becomes Marco’s understudy with the help, and Influences of great theater people. The film portrayed the rivalry and competition between actors. The movie was such a success that it was nominated for many awards. This film put Betty Davis back on top. Her great performance got Betty nominated In the academy awards for best actress. But, her co-star Ann Baxter (Eve) insisted on being nominated for the same award. Rather than taking the award for supporting actress. This caused the votes for tooth actresses to cancel out; therefore, giving the award to the runner up. Eve later admitted her mistake In not accepting the supporting actress award. George Candler’s plays a theater critic named Addison De Witt. De Wit’s character is very egoistic, snobby, and believes he is the most important person in the theater world. His dialogue consists of sarcastic tones that set the films themes in perspective. His character represents the views of the director Amanuensis. In a theater community a well recognized critic can make a difference in an audience. Monger than Margo. Yet, he falls in love with Margo and marries her. In real life, Merrill did fall in love with Davis, and also decided to marry her. Along with the cast of this great film Marilyn Monroe is introduced. Marilyn plays the role of Miss Caldwell. Miss Caldwell is interested in meeting wealthy men, and therefore uses her assets like her body to attract them. In real life Marilyn did use her assets to accomplish her goals. The films dialogue sets the movie apart from any other film. The characters are always lively, and clever. Their tone of delivering their lines makes the audience stop and pay attention. The films dialogue undertones all the hidden feelings that the characters are establishing. It reflects the backstabbing, and the means people will take in order to reach stardom. The film director uses high key lighting in black and white in order to portray a flawless and glamorous look. This gives the image a clear and clean appearance. This choice of lighting smooth’s the characters flaws, and makes them appear younger than they are almost doll like. In the film the people that are involved in theater appear to be very wealthy. The characters are dressed formal, and glamorous. It appears that the world the characters inhabit is white segregated. The characters all obtain fur coats, and they appear to treat them as if they had no value. Birdie (the helper of Margo) makes Jokes of the bed looking like a dead animal when the coats are thrown on the bed. Small items like these indicate wealthiest. The film â€Å"All about Eve† is a great representation of the behind the scenes of a theatre based environment. The film represent the secret feelings, envy, Jealousy, and backstabbing between friends, and colleges. This film is an insightful manipulation of art imitating life. The clever dialogue and sharp performances illustrate the plot of the story. The audience is introduced to the story of a young lady and her ruthless way to rise in fame. Once she is an inspiring actress, we see the story repeat itself as a young lady enters the life of Eve claiming to be a star struck fan. The cycle repeats itself, and there are many women who are ready to take her spot. How to cite All About Eve, Papers

Expansion of Terminal in Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Shamsha

Question: Write essay about the project in a project manager's perspective including the project life cycle issues while carrying out the project. Answer: Background of the Project Study The Rajiv Gandhi International Airport was constructed on the Greenfield site at Shamshabad, which is about 22 km south of the present airport at Hyderabad. The airport can handle a capacity of 7 million passengers as well as around one lakh cargo annually. Due to growing potential and with the availability of the low cost air travel, the management of the airport conceives an expansion project that includes the expansion of the terminal. The new terminal can consist of 12 million passengers annually. The terminal of the airport is necessary for transportation facility that requires modernization in order to provide levels of services that are expected by the travelers. In order to construct the airport terminal, the project manager as well as other team members faces various project life cycle issues. The objectives of the project study are to construct a new international terminal building for Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Shamshabad, India. It also provides additional capacity for the international flights in order to give a growth opportunity for the air carriers. The main purpose of the expansion project plan is to identify the project life cycle issues in the project plan. Organizational Influences and project life cycle issues The expansion project plan of the airport terminal consists of certain phases of development and this development phrases are called project life cycle phrases. This phrase has a start as well as end points that are associated with the timescale of the project plan. The project life cycle issues that cause failure into the project work are the over-estimation revenue as well as growth potential due to skewed incentives among the originators of the project (Fewings 2013). The Project sponsors as well as developers are failed to plan the delivery time and estimated budget for the project plan (Bonnal 2012). There is a lack of financial resources and lack of ability of the stakeholders to manage the risks is not able to monitor the development of the airport terminal. The project life cycle issues that are reviewed are categorized. Firstly, it is security issues. Airport security issues for the purpose of construction as well as operational phases for the airport terminal will under the control of the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (Kazda and Caves 2015). It is extensions of the current security management that are carried out under the governmental departments. Secondly, there is a risk of dangerous materials. At the time of construction of the airport terminal, there is a risk of handling the dangerous materials such as sand extraction. This risk is addressed within the Environmental Management Framework. Thirdly, there is an issue of dangerous management of resources (Zerjav et al. 2015). During the construction as well as operational stages, there is required an assessment of fire risks and measures to treatment the hazardous material spills. At the stage where the new terminal is constructed, there should not be any on-site fueling storage. Even the fuel handling as well as emergency procedures should be placed within the Airport (Wang et al. 2015). Management systems to handle the dangerous goods as well as hazardous substances should be required at that place. It consists of Hyderabad Government requirements includes Dangerous Goods Safety Management Act 2001. Airport Emergency Procedures should be modified with relation with the disa ster control organizations includes both command as well as control. Cooperation with the civil authorities as well as State Emergency Services is part of the procedures (Brockmann 2012). Second access roads to the airport terminal areas are planned. It gives an alternative route for the emergency services. Fourthly, it faces the structural challenges. The team faces a big challenge was to construct the floor work in the terminal of the Airport. The construction of the floor additional an extra 21 weeks to job on the project. The floor of this terminal is build from various materials to the rest of the flooring within the terminals. The floor is an uneven concrete surface that adds a significant amount of time towards the refurbishment (Dinsmore and Cabanis-Brewin 2014). Fifthly, it is technological challenges. The information technology provides challenge while delivering of the project as the teams are replacing the existing systems with a new terminal building. It is a big challenge, as it is not including standard office network systems within their expansion plan. They have lack of flight information display screens, closed circuit television as well as regulatory systems for to process the passengers. Finally, the expansion plan faces the environmental challenges (Zhang, Cai and F an 2014). The expansion project will complete while installing of the sustainable as well as energy savings that are required for the refurbishment projects. It is a construction plan of building new terminal for the airport, installation of the sustainable features to save the water. Project Scope Management The scope of this project plan is to deal with various projects life cycle issues within the expansion plan of the airport terminal (Graham 2013). The scope of this terminal expansion plan is to reduce the congestion of the passengers in the areas such as baggage areas, departure security screening point as well as check-in-area. It also modernizes the mechanical as well as electrical systems based on the funding it acquires. Even the expansion plan consists of the features of modern energy savings that include with life-cycle costs are analyzed (Wang et al. 2015). Within the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, the project manager also makes an opportunity to include a two-story addition to the east of the terminal within the vicinity of the rental car parking lot. The environmental due-diligence study is carried out for the project based on the site visit observations as well as understanding of the project scope based on its information as well as documents provided by the airport authorities. The tourism requires an underserved without sufficient areas in order to handle the baggage as well as provide with a safe zones for loading (Wu and Lee 2014). Due to peak loads, it causes greater frustration as well as results into lower level of satisfaction to the passengers as well as visitors. In order to access the terminals, the staging of the baggage for the groups are awaken, addresses in increasing safety as well as congested (Peng, Shen and Liu 2012). Weather protection are also needs to be improved. Due to lack of the designated parking areas, the deliveries as well as terminal services are problematic. The interior layout of the building results into patchwork of the accommodation, rather than the logical use of the space based on both functioning as well as requirements. Project Time Management The project team members resolve the challenges as well as issues during the expansion of the terminal. There is a tight time schedule in order to deliver the project that is carried out with the addition scope (Isaac and Navon 2013). The delay into the project work is due to addition of extra resources as well as delay from the side of the contractors and suppliers. The key to manage the expansion project plan is to strictly manage the individual contractors in order to ensure that the project should be delivered on time (Chinyio 2013). The schedule risk has to be managed to ensure that the project plan should complete within the given time as well as budget. Based on the issues, the time of the project should be managed. Task Name Duration Start Finish Expansion of terminal in Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Shamshabad, India 60 days Fri 5/27/16 Thu 8/18/16 Initiation of the project plan 14 days Fri 5/27/16 Wed 6/15/16 Developing the plan to expand the airport terminal 2 days Fri 5/27/16 Mon 5/30/16 Undertaking a feasibility study 4 days Tue 5/31/16 Fri 6/3/16 establishing a project charter 2 days Mon 6/6/16 Tue 6/7/16 Appointing the project team 4 days Wed 6/8/16 Mon 6/13/16 Performing the phase review 2 days Tue 6/14/16 Wed 6/15/16 Planning of the expansion of airport terminal 20 days Thu 6/16/16 Wed 7/13/16 Creating a resource plan 3 days Thu 6/16/16 Mon 6/20/16 Financial plan 3 days Tue 6/21/16 Thu 6/23/16 Risk plan 2 days Fri 6/24/16 Mon 6/27/16 Communication plan 3 days Tue 6/28/16 Thu 6/30/16 Stakeholder analysis 2 days Fri 7/1/16 Mon 7/4/16 Contracting with the suppliers 3 days Tue 7/5/16 Thu 7/7/16 Completion of planning phase 4 days Fri 7/8/16 Wed 7/13/16 Execution phase 21 days Thu 7/14/16 Thu 8/11/16 Building the deliverables 3 days Thu 7/14/16 Mon 7/18/16 Performing risk management 4 days Tue 7/19/16 Fri 7/22/16 Communication management 2 days Mon 7/25/16 Tue 7/26/16 Stakeholder management 5 days Wed 7/27/16 Tue 8/2/16 Cost management 3 days Wed 8/3/16 Fri 8/5/16 Time management 4 days Mon 8/8/16 Thu 8/11/16 Closure phase 5 days Fri 8/12/16 Thu 8/18/16 Performing project closure 3 days Fri 8/12/16 Tue 8/16/16 Review the project completion 2 days Wed 8/17/16 Thu 8/18/16 Project Cost Management Increase into the cost of operations as well as maintenance is one of the project cost management challenges. The cost of the operating of the terminal is expected to rise due to addition of extra resources. The maintenance cost excludes when both the mechanical as well as electrical systems are outdated as well as it does not have the capability to meet with the indoor quality standards (Peng, Shen and Liu 2012). The total cost estimated to construct the new terminal is approximately $200,000. As the maintenance of the electrical as well as mechanical systems is costly, therefore it increases the maintenance cost of the equipments as well as systems. It does not have contemporary features of the energy savings (Dinsmore and Cabanis-Brewin 2014). The infrastructures of the terminal, ventilation, electrical systems, plumbing as well as heat are not flexible, such that the solutions are brought regulatory compliance to the architecture of the terminal. Expansion of the terminals give e xpanded services to the passengers as well as visitors. Even the improved indoor air quality, modern power as well as low voltage communication gives safer work environment (Hallgren 2012). Modernization of the system offers an opportunity for the terminal to consider energy conservations measures that allows reducing the operational cost while improving the services. Project Stakeholder Management The project team members resolve number of issues as well as challenges during the expansion of the airport terminal in Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Shamshabad, India. It is a complex project for the team as their first priority is safety of the passengers. There is also a tight schedule to deliver the project on time by adding of extra scope (Gupta, Venkaiah and Ammani 2016). Within a project, lot of third parties workers are working that could severe the scheduling of the project plan. If one of the workers is delay in leveling the floor for the terminal, then there is a delay in installing the furniture and other activities that cause a large effect throughout the expansion project plan. The following stakeholders management plan helps to manage the issues within the project plan of the expansion of the airport terminal. Role on the project Deals with the issues Level of Interest Level of Influence Recommendations Project Manager The project manager deals with the schedule and cost issues within the project plan (Hughes 2012). Very high Very high The project manager should schedule the project plan before starting of the expansion project. Financial Manager The financial manager deals with the budget issues. Sometimes, the estimated budget becomes over-budgeted. Very high Very high The financial manager should estimate the budget with addition of extra resources so that no resources are added after the project plan (Lee and Yu 2012). Project Sponsor Project sponsor deals with the funding issues. The person collects fund for the project (Wu and Lee 2014). High High The sponsor collects the funds from other stakeholders. Procurement Manager The suppliers are not giving the proper resources within time. The resources are not of good quality (Heagney 2012). High High The procurement manager should lead the suppliers to give the resources at proper time with best quality (Richman 2012). Contractors The contractors are delaying into the plan. Low Moderate Proper schedule is prepared for each of the expansion activities (Kazda and Caves 2015). Project Communication Management Communication is one of the big challenges within the project as there are high level of stakeholders are involved within the plan. It requires updating the time as well as identification of risks, changing to the schedule as well as budget. This project is an ever changing. The project manager considers the challenges until the end of the project as well as ensures that the stakeholders as well as the team members are up-to-date with the issues (Richman 2012). In order to ensure for effective communication as well as overcome with the challenges, the project manager integrates the communication plan at the scheduling stage of the project life cycle. The project manager influences as well as tailors the communication approach. Using the Power/Interest grid, the stakeholders are grouping based on the level of the authority (Liu 2014). The project manager assesses the key stakeholders associated with the team to respond as well as influence their support as well as mitigate the potenti al negative impacts. The poor communication is the reason for the failure of the project plan of the airport terminal expansion (Hihara 2014). Even proper communication help to increase morale by establishment of the expectations. The project manager keeps communication as well as feedback among the upper management as well as the team leaders. Effective verbal as well as correct use of the words is the skills that a project manager requires to build up the project plan. Words are tools that are required to convey in an efficient way. Project managers should use short words to convey their messages to other stakeholders. In order to make a better communication plan, weekly meetings are required to be conducted to discuss about the progress of the project plan (Tao 2014). In the weekly meetings, if any of the risks are identified then it is mitigated using risk management plan. Therefore, communication among all the stakeholders is required using proper mode of communication as well as frequency of the communication. Project Risk Management Risk Issues Description Risk Level Probability Mitigation measures Actions Security Issues The private information of the construction information is not secured within the Airport authorization. Low High Existing security as well as related control systems (Voordijk 2013). Review as well as update of the Airport Security Plans for terminal operations. Dangerous goods and resources There is no assessment of the fire risks at the construction site. The emergency procedures are not placed properly. High High Existing management systems to manage the storage of the dangerous goods as well as hazardous resources. Review as well as update the management system to store the goods and resources. Hazards posed to infrastructure There are no such air traffic environment within as well as outside of the Airport infrastructure. High High There is a highly regulated air traffic environment in as well as outside of the Airport (Xie 2014). Review as well as update of the emergency plans for terminal operations. Operational and construction hazards The Airport authorities are not following a proper management plan for their construction phase (Dinsmore and Cabanis-Brewin 2014). Low Moderate Proper management plan is required for the construction phase. There should also require risk management principles for modern construction of the Airport Terminal. In the construction phase, there is a required an Environment Management Framework. Review as well as update the terminal construction phase consists of traffic access issues. Lack of aircraft inspection and maintenance of the protocols At the time of constructing the terminal of the airport, the resources as well as goods used are not inspected properly (Zhang, Cai and Fan 2014). Low Low There should require a highly regulated aircraft inspection as well as maintenance protocols for the operations of Regular Passenger Transport. Document of the inspection and maintenance record. Contractor selection and commercial terms with the contractors Under sourced contractors are selected for the expansion plan of the terminal. There is also lack of contractor incentives in order to drive efficiency gains. Low Low Proper contractors are selected for the expansion plan of the terminal with accurate skills as well as knowledge. Review as well as update of the Airport Security Plans for terminal operations. Supplier Management There is a lack of communication as well as interaction with the suppliers (Dinsmore and Cabanis-Brewin 2014). Moderate Moderate Proper communication plan is required. Weekly meetings should be scheduled with the stakeholders. Review as well as update of the communication plan. Change as well as delay management Improper incentives of the contractors assume to delay in the expansion process. Low Moderate Before scheduling the plan, proper change management plan should be prepared. Review and update the change management plan. Conclusion It is concluded that the expansion project of the terminal of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Shamshabad, India needs an additional capital improvements in the future. Due to addition of funds, there is an improvement in the areas of the terminals. The goal of the airport is to provide with efficient terminal facilities for the passengers as well as visitors so that they can respond to healthy economic community as well as regional needs. While construction of the terminal, the project manager as well as other team members face issues and challenges such as structural, technological as well as equipments risks. There are also issues of security, dangerous goods as well as resources, hazardous posed to infrastructure, supplier and change management as well as lack of maintenance and operational cost. Therefore, in order to overcome with those issues, various management plans are conducted. The plans are time, cost, stakeholder, risk as well as communication. It helps the airport authorities to finish the terminal expansion work in time as well as estimated budget. All the project planning process is required to mitigate the risks so that the project plan finishes properly as well as successfully. References Bonnal, P., 2012. Project Management.Construction Management and Economics, 30(3), pp.248-250. Brockmann, C., 2012. Construction Project Scheduling and Control (CourseSmart), 2nd edn.Construction Management and Economics, 30(11), pp.1012-1013. Chinyio, E., 2013. Project Management: Systems, Principles, and Applications.Construction Management and Economics, 31(9), pp.1020-1021. Dinsmore, P. and Cabanis-Brewin, J., 2014.The AMA Handbook of Project Management. New York: AMACOM. Fewings, P., 2013.Construction project management: an integrated approach. Routledge. Graham, A., 2013.Managing Airports 4th Edition: An International Perspective. Routledge. Gupta, R., Venkaiah, V. and Ammani, P., 2016. Need Based Segmentation of Airport Passengers: The Case of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad.Indian Journal of Marketing, 46(3), p.7. Hllgren, M., 2012. The construction of research questions in project management.International Journal of Project Management, 30(7), pp.804-816. Heagney, J., 2012.Fundamentals of project management. New York: American Management Association. Hihara, K. (2014). An analysis of airportairline vertical relationships with risk sharing contracts under asymmetric information structures.Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 44, pp.80-97. Hughes, B., 2012.Project management for IT-related projects. London: BCS. Isaac, S. and Navon, R., 2013. Can project monitoring and control be fully automated?.Construction Management and Economics, 32(6), pp.495-505. Kazda, A. and Caves, R.E. eds., 2015.Airport design and operation. Emerald Group Publishing. Lee, S. and Yu, J., 2012. Success model of project management information system in construction.Automation in Construction, 25, pp.82-93. Liu, L., 2014. Construction Project Costs Management Research.AMR, 1079-1080, pp.1115-1118. Peng, W., Shen, L. and Liu, D., 2012. Construction Project Scheduling Risk Analysis Using Event Chain Methodology: An Example of Airport Terminal Project.AMM, 209-211, pp.1330-1338. Richman, L., 2012.Improving your project management skills. New York: American Management Association. Tao, W., 2014. Deepen Construction Project Management, Promote "Project Productivity" Theory.OTMCJ, 6(1). Voordijk, H., 2013. Managing Project Supply Chains.Construction Management and Economics, 31(11), pp.1160-1162. Wang, Y., Olofsson, T., Shen, G.Q. and Bai, Y., 2015. ICCREM 2015: Environment and the Sustainable Building. ASCE. Wu, C. and Lee, A., 2014. The impact of airline alliance terminal co-location on airport operations and terminal development.Journal of Air Transport Management, 36, pp.69-77. Xie, X., 2014. Explore the Airport Terminal Construction Survey.AMR, 1065-1069, pp.2309-2312. Zerjav, V., Davies, A., Edkins, A. and Jones, P., 2015. Building Progressive Confidence: the Transition from Project to Operational Opening in the Case of a Major New International Airport Terminal. Zhang, Y., Cai, L. and Fan, M., 2014. Schedule Management of Airport Flying Area Construction Based on BIM.AMM, 584-586, pp.2653-2658.

18 Funny St. Patricks Day Quotes and Toasts

18 Funny St. Patrick's Day Quotes and Toasts Irish people love to joke about themselves, and their love for alcohol has long been a theme in St. Patricks Day humor- and their own good-natured ribbing of each other. Get a taste of the Irish sense of humor with these funny St. Patricks Day quotes, and use these toasts the next time youre in your favorite pub with friends. Irish Blessing May the Good Lord take a liking to you...but not too soon! May the Lord keep you in his hand and never close his fist too tight. Author Unknown Saint Patrick was a gentlemanWho through strategy and stealthDrove all the snakes from IrelandHeres a drinkee to his health!But not too many drinkeesLest we lose ourselves and then...Forget the good Saint PatrickAnd see them snakes again! Anyone acquainted with Ireland knows that the morning of St. Patricks Day consists of the night of the 17th of March flavored strongly with the morning of the 18th. Daryl Stout Why should you never iron a 4-leaf clover? You dont want to press your luck. Irish Saying There are only two kinds of people in the world, The Irish and those who wish they were. There are many good reasons for drinking,One has just entered my head.If a man doesnt drink when hes living,How in the hell can he drink when hes dead? An Irishman is never drunk as long as he can hold onto one blade of grass to keep from falling off the earth. Charles M. Madigan St. Patrick- one of the few saints whose feast day presents the opportunity to get determinedly whacked and make a fool of oneself all under the guise of acting Irish. St. Patricks Day Toast Here’s to a long life and a merry one.A quick death and an easy oneA pretty girl and an honest oneA cold beer- and another one! Irish Toast It is better to spend money like theres no tomorrow than to spend tonight like theres no money! May you die in bed at 95 years, shot by a jealous husband (or wife). May the sound of happy music, And the lilt of Irish laughter, fill your heart with gladness, that stays forever after. May your glass be ever full.May the roof over your head be always strong.And may you be in heaven half an hour before the devil knows youre dead. When we drink, we get drunk.When we get drunk, we fall asleep.When we fall asleep, we commit no sin.When we commit no sin, we go to heaven.So, lets all get drunk, and go to heaven! May you always have a clean shirt, a clear conscience, and enough coins in your pocket to buy a pint! May the winds of fortune sail you, may you sail a gentle sea, may it always be the other guy who says This drinks on me. May your doctor never earn a dollar out of you and may your heart never give out. May the 10 toes of your feet steer you clear of all misfortune, and before youre much older, may you hear much better toasts than this.

Free Essays on Nursing Acceptance Essay

As a potential nursing student, I will strive to be a tremendous asset to Lehigh Carbon Community College by devoting all my time and life to becoming an excellent nurse. I believe that I am obligated to use my talents in a constructive manner, in a manner that benefits society. The medical career gives me the unique opportunity to express my many talents while benefiting human life. I believe that my ability to communicate makes me well suited to pursue a nursing career. While I possess the strong science background necessary for success in the profession, I also consider myself a â€Å" people† person. As a waitress and a CNA, I dramatically improved and expanded my communication skills since I was constantly meeting new people and discussing different topics. Because people constantly disclosed their personal issues to me as a CNA, I learned to become not only a good conversationalist, but also an excellent listener. Highly motivated to succeed, I dramatically improved my grades following a time of confusion and turmoil, which was brought on due to a car accident in the fall of 2001. Once I realized what goal I wanted to pursue in life, I worked hard to succeed, and this last semester of schooling is truly indicative of my intellectual capacity and motivation for success. My strength as a candidate to Lehigh Carbon Community College’s Nursing Program lies mostly in the objectives that I plan to fulfill upon becoming a nurse. They are, in no particular order of importance, as follows: 1) To provide excellence in comprehensive care by using my acquired skills as both a competent professional and also as a compassionate human being. 2) To cultivate my leadership role both in the community of my practice and in the nation to formulate and maintain health care principles and advancements. 3) To imply the latest knowledge and techniques in detection and prevention of disease, and the restoration of health. 4) To s... Free Essays on Nursing Acceptance Essay Free Essays on Nursing Acceptance Essay As a potential nursing student, I will strive to be a tremendous asset to Lehigh Carbon Community College by devoting all my time and life to becoming an excellent nurse. I believe that I am obligated to use my talents in a constructive manner, in a manner that benefits society. The medical career gives me the unique opportunity to express my many talents while benefiting human life. I believe that my ability to communicate makes me well suited to pursue a nursing career. While I possess the strong science background necessary for success in the profession, I also consider myself a â€Å" people† person. As a waitress and a CNA, I dramatically improved and expanded my communication skills since I was constantly meeting new people and discussing different topics. Because people constantly disclosed their personal issues to me as a CNA, I learned to become not only a good conversationalist, but also an excellent listener. Highly motivated to succeed, I dramatically improved my grades following a time of confusion and turmoil, which was brought on due to a car accident in the fall of 2001. Once I realized what goal I wanted to pursue in life, I worked hard to succeed, and this last semester of schooling is truly indicative of my intellectual capacity and motivation for success. My strength as a candidate to Lehigh Carbon Community College’s Nursing Program lies mostly in the objectives that I plan to fulfill upon becoming a nurse. They are, in no particular order of importance, as follows: 1) To provide excellence in comprehensive care by using my acquired skills as both a competent professional and also as a compassionate human being. 2) To cultivate my leadership role both in the community of my practice and in the nation to formulate and maintain health care principles and advancements. 3) To imply the latest knowledge and techniques in detection and prevention of disease, and the restoration of health. 4) To s...

Restructure of the Global Economy after the Financial Crises Essay

Restructure of the Global Economy after the Financial Crises - Essay Example Kenneth Lay and his team of corrupt executives stole millions of dollars in performance bonuses. He cooked up the books, created fake shell corporations, and misguided the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the general public about the actual state of affairs at Enron. I would ask Kenneth Lay about the start of the pattern of corruption at Enron. Did he ever think that the corruption at his company would get so much out of control? Does he feel any remorse for destroying the value of Enron from $90 a stock to less $1? The stockholders of Enron lost over $11 billion due to the irresponsible actions of Kenneth Lay and his crew of bandits (Suddath). The second person I started to talk to at the party was Bernard Madoff. Once upon a time Bernard Madoff was in charge of what seemed to be one of the most successful investment funds in the industry. In reality Bernard Madoff was not investing any of the money he was receiving from investors. Bernard Madoff was running a $50 billio n ponzi scheme. The revelation is considered one of the biggest financial scandals in the history of Wall Street. Upon meeting Mr. Madoff I would ask him about his illicit operations. What was different about your ponzi scheme? How were you able to hide the truth from investors from so long? If you had to do it again would you make the same decisions? Bernard Madoff wasted his financial intellect robbing people of their hard earn money. The next two persons I got a chance to talk to during the party were Milton Friedman and Adam Smith. Both these gentlemen have no association to the disgraceful scandals Kenneth Lay and Bernard Madoff were involved with. Milton Friedman has worked throughout his lifetime as an economist, professor, and author of many books. In 1976 Milton Friedman won the Nobel Prize for economics. In 1962 he wrote the book Capitalism and Freedom. Adam Smith throughout his lifetime was a philosopher and economist. He introduced the topic of self-interest into the bus iness world. â€Å"Today Smith’s reputation rests on his explanation of how rational self-interest in a free-market economy leads to economic well being† (Econlib). I would sit in a round table with both Milton and Adam to discuss the financial crisis of 2008 and ideas on how to improve the global economy today. During the financial crisis of 2008 the global economy hit rock bottom as the world entered into a recession that devastated the standard of living of billions of humans across the world. The banking industry was one of the parties responsible for the crisis due to the fact that they were making housing loans to people that did not qualify. The housing market fell and many Americans were faced with negative equity on their homes. Bankruptcies skyrocketed during the financial crisis of 2008. I would ask both Adam Smith and Milton Friedman if they thought the crisis could have been prevented. I would take advantage of this opportunity to speak with these two reno unced economists to discuss ideas about how to improve the global economy. An idea that I have that is aligned with the self-interest perspective of Adam Smith is imposing a global tax. The global tax would equal 2% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of each nation. The organization responsible for charging the tax would be the United Nations. The money gathered from this tax would be used to provide economic assistance to the

How Do We Know What We Know Quiz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How Do We Know What We Know Quiz - Essay Example It helps in expounding cultural, economic and political life of different societies. When one explore different areas, the experience acquired living among different people provide concrete information than the written sources in the media. The media provides insight information on activities and way of living in different communities. The media briefly outline what is one expect when were live among these communities. These social realities supplement the information we have, what we think we know and having common sense, we can derive the fact about the social, economic and spiritual life of any given society on earth. Amueshas, also called Yaneshas is an ethnic group in the Peruvian Amazonian forest. According to the media sources, Amueshas is a small group that is almost 2.9% of the registered indigenous inhabitant of the Amazonia of Peru (speedlook.com, 2015). The media sources state that Amueshas communities are located high altitude borders of River Picis, Cacazu, and Yurinaqui. Amueshas are dominant in Yaneshas communities. Their language group is Arahuaco. The westerns arrived in this region in the 16th century as missionaries and meet this group. The western intermingled with them and established a stable co-existence with this group. Western attempted to colonize these communities by consolidating them in towns and possessing their properties. Amueshas grouped itself and formed trade union that help to regain lost possessions’. The invasion of the white resulted in the change of life habits of Amueshas. They were hunting for obtain a daily meal, but this have changed. This group ha s diversified into agriculture and other forest activities as a source of income. Their tradition is one way that would help in knowing their way of life before the colonial era. The way this group has preserved it language would personal experience on customs. Expert authorities have always considered the minority groups in the Amazon forest as hunters. The

If Netflix has brought a golden age of television in America, can its Essay

If Netflix has brought a golden age of television in America, can its expansion into Europe and other markets bring a golden age for international television dramas too - Essay Example In terms of the information represented within The Atlantic, it is clear and apparent that Hollywood has effectively been able to adapt to an international scope for its films. The article also indicates that he has not been so fast. It is at this juncture that Netflix wishes to fill the void and provide original programming from a litany of different foreign nations around the globe (Thompson, 2013). However, there is hope for a high level of profitability in this sector; as the article from Slate underscores. Likewise, a hidden and somewhat unforeseen problem that Netflix faces within Europe is the fact that it must engaged with a multi-lingual region and offer a litany of different subscriber content within national borders that ascribes to the given linguistic nature of the region. Whereas the success of Netflix in the US and in Latin America is part and parcel due to the fact that these regions are defined by only two languages, the challenges faced within Europe are more comple x. Although this article is useful in representing the range and extent to which Netflix can hope to penetrate new markets, it is also limited in that it does not fully consider unique dynamics of how foreign markets could present unique challenges to the business model that Netflix has been able to exhibit to such a great deal of success so far. According to the Slate piece, entitled, â€Å"The International Language of Tube†, service providers such as Netflix are open to capitalize on a market shift that is coming to be exhibited; one in which the consumer’s frustration with traditional television corresponds to the increased demands for the shows and entertainment that this traditional technology provides (Thomas, 2014). Moreover, the article cautions that traditional TV should be highly wary of the potential for firms such as Netflix to dominate the market; due

Indonesia And Burma Possess Similar Political Systems History Essay

Indonesia And Burma Possess Similar Political Systems History Essay Both Burma and Indonesias political landscapes are shaded with military domination since their independence. However, Indonesia has experienced democratization after the fall of Suharto and Burma remains aloof. We need to have a look at why Burma did not experience the political transformation and why Indonesia did. While we consider this, we also have to examine the political history and the elements that shape the systems. Geographical landscape Indonesia is geographically the biggest country in Southeast Asia and Myanmar is the second biggest. Indonesia also enjoys (rather suffers from) the biggest population size in the region. Scholars have noted that Indonesia has a potential to become a regional powerhouse given its geographic and demographic size but has not asserted to be so, mainly because of its failure for economic transformation which is also deterred by political instability. On the other hand, scholars have also mentioned that Burma could be an important country in the region if its doors were open and its political and economic reforms were introduced. Speculation are good to be made, however, in contrast, the practical situations are different. There are several elements that hinder both countries successes. Colonial periods The countries that became independent after the Second World War usually point their fingers to the western colonialists to justify their failure to implement modern state-building. The case is quite true with Both Indonesia and Burma. Both countries were colonialised by the western powers Burma by the British and Indonesia by the Dutch. The creation of Modern Burma was essentially the British creation and the Indonesia unavoidably by the Dutch. Both countries, as noted above, have failed to become successful both politically and economically after independence. I would like to assert here that it is true that the British and the Dutch made the geographical demarcations on the basis of their economic interests neglecting the composition of the diverse ethnic groups within the created regions. However, it is the fundamental fault of the domestic rule to accommodate the diverse ethnicities and to bring about a workable and economic-oriented political attitude. I would like to focus mo re about this later on when I further talk about Burma and Indonesia. Struggle for Independence and the rise of nationalism A similarity exists in the struggle for Independence in both countries. They experienced the surge of nationalism in the immediate pre-war period. Burma oversaw a peasant uprising in 1930. The event made an epoch in the struggle for social liberation leading up to nationalism. The leader of the rebellion, Hsaya San, was a member of a social group called YMBA (Young Man Buddhist Association). (Gravers 2005, p36) Even though there were some small scale outbreaks of the revival of nationalism previously in Burma, I totally agree that Hsaya San was a major inspiring figure in the struggle for liberation and the establishment of nationalism. Thus, we know that the rise of nationalism is comparably quite late in Burma. We can look at the Philippines and India to compare this trend. The same is true with Indonesia. The landmark in the nationalist movement in Indonesia happened in the immediate pre-war period. Brown noted as below: The Indonesia nationalist movement, emerging in the first decade of the century and a prominent part of the political and social landscape by the 1920s, had been remarkably successful. In the space of less than half a century, it had apparently not only defeated Dutch colonialism, but also succeeded in overcoming historical ethnic and religious differences between Indonesians. And these are the terms in which many Indonesians today view that movement. (Brown 2003, p105) Brown went on to say that the nationalist movement accomplished much in Indonesia. However, in the case of Burma, I just would like to say that the Burmese gained the independence from the British not with the assistance of firepower but with the situational timing and diplomatic negotiation. The evidence is the sheer lack of serious bloodshed with the British forces and the agreement of AungSan-Attlee. Political structures after Independence Burma gained independence from the British on the 4th of January, 1948. The first Burmese leader, General Aung San, visualized Burma as a plural society in which diverse political structures coexisted within a framework of overarching consensus. (Tarling 1999, p80) That was the reason why he promised the Shan and the Karenni the right to secede from the Union after ten years of independence unless they were satisfied with the Union. But after Aung San was assassinated, the structure was changed. Burma developed a Westminster style parliamentary system with the lower house possessing large amount of legislative power and accordingly the Prime Minister became exceedingly powerful. The upper house, containing the equal proportions of the different ethnic nationalities, was not granted overriding power of the lower house. Thus, the establishment of a federation failed. The powerful Prime Minister U Nu (also the first PM of Burma) tried to develop a political structure based on a synthesis of Buddhism and Socialism, with an especially heavy dose of the former. (Tarling 1999, p87) This structure was opposed by the ethnic minorities who are Christians. Socialists did not support this program as well. Along with this structure appeared several different kinds of revolts, particularly the communists and the Karen National Union. The rebels controlled large area in the countryside and the central government was confined within the Rangoon city limit. The deteriorating political situations paved the way to the military takeover of the country. Indonesia proclaimed independence on 17th August, 1945. However, proclamation of the independence does not mean a real freedom. The Dutch were eager to come to their former colony, so the Indonesians had to fight for their liberation. Sukarno and Hatta were appointed President and Vice-President respectively, and a system of regional based on a division of the Republic into seven provinces each headed by a nominated governor, was established. (Brown 2003, p159) The formal Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence came only in December 1949. The recognition established in the light of American pressure on the Dutch government and Indonesian Armys determined resistance. The seed of military domination in the politics of both countries thus was planted during the revolution periods. In Burma, the Army was formed in ally with the Japanese to fight off the British and the important role of the military was sustained in the continuous fighting in the internal revolts-the communists and the ethnic resurgence. Also in Indonesia, the Army played a big role in fencing off the Dutch during the Dutchs military launch and in addition to that, it pinpointed the two enemies within the state-the rise of communism and the formation of Darul Islam. It did not fail to struggle with them until they are toppled. Military takeover of the power Burma enjoyed a democratic state between 1948 and 1962. However, the time had come for a change. In March 1962, a military coup led by General Ne Win overthrew the elected government of U Nu, ushering in a period of military rule that has lasted more than 40 years. (Church 2006, p117) The main justification for the military coup given by General Ne Win was that the country was in tatters because of the selfish activities of the politicians, as a result of which, the Shan and other ethnic minorities were preparing to secede from Burma. One cannot imagine how many times the military leaders have repeated this same reason over the several decades since their takeover, in the newspaper, magazines and state-run TVs and radios. As a man who grew up in 1990s, I personally have heard of these kinds of statements over and over again and am just fed up with it. However, if one was a normal person who was not actually interested in politics and had no access to foreign media, he or she would pr obably just take it as true and real. Therefore this just serves as the militarys psychological warfare. Now there may arise some questions why one has to put so much blame on the Burmese military as long as it is doing good for the country. In fact, the Burmese military headed by General Ne Win at that time was not doing any good to the country. Let us first look at the economy. The military government fundamentally transformed the state economy from capitalist market to the socialist collectivism. The business enterprises were nationalized forcefully. No compensation was offered. The economy worsened acutely under military rule, with the expulsion of Indians and Pakistanis, the prohibition on foreign investment and the efforts of the one-party State to impose a command economy. In 1987, the United Nations gave Burma Least Developed Nation status, recognizing it as one of the worlds 10 poorest countries. (Church 2006, p117) There has been widespread analysis of Burmese economic development index despite the difficulties in terms of data collection and information retrieval. Scholars have pointed out that militarys mismanagement of the economy inexorably led to the demise of the economic structure. The state wanted to build an industrial proletariat while Burma is a state of little industry and to control all economic activities. At the same time it purged the administration of the civilian meritocratic bureaucratic elite who were the only civil servants capable of attempting to run a centrally planned economy. (Steinberg 2005, p 57) What the government did was, as Steinberg continued; replace the elites with military brass who did not have any economic competence. This kind of management ultimately led to the economic disaster. Now that we have seen how Burmas military economic mismanagement brought about the economic demise of the country, we turn to look at Indonesia and its militarys management of the economy. Here when we talk about the economic handling of the state, we look at the shift of political power from Sukarno to Suharto and his ambition to bring the country to the existing economic world order. We can compare U Nu and General Ne Win to Sukarno and Suharto. Even though they represent stark differences in some respect, the pattern could be tentatively drawn to the same phenomenon. However, the power change from U Nu to General Ne Win was witnessed as the move from economic development to all-round ruins. On the other hand, Suharto inherited a bleak future in the countrys economy from Sukarno. Despite of it, he initiated economic transformation and subsequently the development. There are so many things Suharto did to promote the economic development. First, he tried to make sure the foreign investment come to the country. Tax collection was properly made. In 1967 a group of Indonesias major western creditors, including Japan, the United States and Australia, formed the Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia (IGGI), an organization aimed at coordinating the flow of aid to Indonesia. (Brown 2003, p 219) Thus, Suharto transformed the economy successfully. He also tried to legitimize his military takeover of the country by showing economic growth. He brought about dramatic improvements in the living standards of most Indonesians. (Fuston 2001, p77) In Asia, Indonesia became an economic tiger along with Thailand and Malaysia. However, the economy contracted again after the fall of Suharto in 1997, in the wake of the Asian financial crisis. So, comparing the two dictators seems quite different in this economic sector. General Ne Win who was extremely corrupt and was intent on centralizing the power on his own hand, pushed the country into the bottom of the ground, whereas, General Suharto, despite his authoritative manner, lifted his country up to the desirable economic standard. People usually argue that economic development comes only in the light of political stability. This statement has credible source. In the case of Indonesia, the 1997 financial crisis and political instability brought down the Suharto regime and since then, the economy did not recover to the fullest extent. In Burma, political instability is usually interpreted as the ethnic tensions and armed resurrections. Ethnic Conflicts Burma is a country infested with ethnic conflicts. All the ethnic-controlled areas of the country are situated on the periphery of the state and they want to break away from the Union of Burma. Tin Maung Maung Than (2005, p 65) rightly points out that the nation-state in Myanmar is a post-colonial construction and the issue of national identity in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious setting has played a significant role in state building since independence. He also revealed the fact that ethnic conflicts take a shape of central political stage in Burmas political background. All major ethnicities in the country want to secede from the post-colonial formation of the state. This constitutes a huge problem in nation building. Like in Burma, there are ethnic conflicts in Indonesia. Academics put those conflicts in two types; vertical conflicts and horizontal conflicts. Vertical conflicts are those happened between the state and a particular group (ethnically, religiously or ideologically-motivated) within the nation-state. On the other hand horizontal conflicts are those happened within the society itself or intra-society. It occurs between at least two culturally or religiously differentiated communities under a single political authority. (Sukma, 2005, p3) According to this definition, both types of conflicts can be seen in Indonesia. However, more dangerous conflicts that are similar to Burmas case are vertical conflicts such as Aceh and Papuas struggle for secession. These two states exist in the extreme far ends of the archipelago; Aceh being in the west end and Papua in the east. This unique geographical location of the peripheral states resembles those states in Burma, which are trying to break away from the Union of Burma. Sukma asserts that the Aceh conflict began to take form as a secessionist conflict only in mid-1970s with the establishment of the Free Aceh Movement (GAM). If this is the case, their cause was much later than the ethnic conflicts in Burma; Karen National Union, for example, took up arms in 1949 to secede from the state. Although ethnic tensions played a pivotal role in Burmas political arena, most so-called pro-democracy opposition groups of the country tend to forget its role. Their main concern has always been the military domination and their chief aim is to push the soldiers into the barracks. The main justification of the military takeover of the politics, however, was and still is the disintegration of the so-called Union of Burma. The opposition groups, such as NLD (National League for Democracy) did not pay much heed into the above-mentioned cause of the military. Civilian democracy uprisings NLD was only formed after the 1988 democracy uprisings in Burma. Why did the uprisings happen? The reason was that people were most fed up with the arbitrary management of the economy by the army. I can still recall those days when suddenly we woke up in the morning and found that the money my parents have accumulated in life was declared useless by the military government. It must have been the most painful experience in life for my parents. They did not know how to go to the market and buy food and other necessary commodities. The government was, bluntly speaking, idiotic and brainless to declare the state currency worthless without any compensation. The worst is that it did it twice. Peoples anger poured out into the street. They were really fed up with the rationed food, commodities, closed economy, political suppression and so many other things. Once in a life time, people went into the street risking their lives under the shooting guns and shouted Democracy! Overnight, the whol e country was turned upside down. People from all walks of life joined the shouting. They walked hand-in-hand and demonstrated. That was a time when NLD was introduced with the head of Aung San Suu Kyi. People needed a leader to direct their cause. Students were at the forefront of the uprisings and they supported Aung San Suu Kyi. She and her party won the landslide victory in the 1990 election but she was not granted the power. Power was not a type to be granted in Burma. The power comes from the barrel of the gun for the soldiers. When the uprising was put down brutally, the students and the dissidents run into the ethnic controlled areas and made ally with them. Suu Kyi was placed under house arrest and the military went on ruling the country. Is it just impossible to bring down a military regime? Of course, yes. It is possible to kick a man out from the highest position. Indonesia is the case study. General Suharto was ousted at the wake of 1997 Asian financial crisis. General Suharto granted economic prosperity to the country but his era was marked with authoritarianism, corruption and nepotism. (Church 2006, p56) In 1997, because of the Asian financial crisis, there was a speculative bubble, and capital flight. The currency quickly crashed from around 4,000 rupiah to more than 12,000 rupiah to the US dollar. (ibid) There were massive public demonstrations. Some elements of the military organized chaos and violence against the Chinese community. The Jakarta elite turned against Suharto. The vice-president, Habibie, helped convince Suharto to step down. Military head, General Wiranto, reportedly refused to act against demonstrations. Suhartos hope of remaining in power was thwarted away. He was forced to resign. (Fuston 2 001, p79) Demonstrations in Burma also forced General Ne Win resign in 1988 while Suharto was also toppled in 1997. But in Burma, another military regime was introduced and it crashed down the demonstrations brutally, followed by the promise of elections and civilian rule. The second promise was not kept. On the while, in Indonesia, Suhartos fall and Habibies succession was seen as a transition to Democracy. Present days There is a real mess still going on in the present day of Indonesias politics as the case was in Burma. For Habibie, there was a force for him to make a change in the country. First, greater freedom of speech and assembly was ensured. Along with it, creation of political parties was allowed. An election was held in 1999. However, Habibie was not absolutely free from the shadow of Suharto and his followers. There came meetings and discussions among leading figures such as Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati Sukarnoputri and Amien Rais, etc. In the elections, Megawatis party won and after series of negotiations, promises and double crosses, Wahid came to power. (Fuston 2001, p80) However political turmoil continued. Finally, in 2001, Wahid was removed by parliament and replaced by his vice president, Megawati. The summary of this chaotic period is that the political situation was not stable. So many things changed in a short period of time. Also in Burma, the military continued to rule the country with an iron fist. Since the victory of NLD in the 1990 election, little political and economic changed. There was a time the head of the Junta was replaced. General Saw Maung, the head of SLORC was ousted and took over by General Than Shwe. Still one man change did not mean a thing for the country. However, there was a short period of economic growth in 1995 and 1996 due to the open door policy. But as Tin Maung Maung Than noted in a seminar, the door was the spring door for Burma. It opened briefly but closed later on. Conclusion When we look at Indonesia and Burma, we have in fact to look at the whole Southeast Asia region. The political systems of the whole region are really messed up. We cannot actually say that they have functional intuitions. In Indonesia, the bureaucracy is extremely corrupt. Not less in Burma. Not less in Thailand. However, the governments want to claim that they are truly democratic countries. Of course, nobody wants to say that they are autocratic and authoritarian. However, in comparison, some countries are much better off than others in the region. Indonesia has better potentials than Burma in terms of economic and political development. They have experienced political transformation and long before that, the economic transformation. Even though they are fragile and volatile, they are still going on. Not in Burma. When we talk about Burma, we end up scolding the government because we cannot see a method to change the country. In fact, there is a way. That way can only come from the opposition groups stationed on the borders of Thailand and Burma. The opposition groups aggressively tightened up the rope of sanctions on the neck of the government hoping that it will kill the dictatorship once and for all. No way, the Chinese and the regional allies helped the dictators out of the loop of the deadly sanctions, leaving the country people with the effects of them. So there is no way out. Will dialogue be successful? It would have been successful if it had been the way.

Societal Marketing Concept Essay -- essays research papers

Individual Project 1 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Given the trend in obesity among American consumers, which industries stand to benefit the most? Why? Given the obesity issues in the American consumers, the food industry has benefited from this trend. Under the Societal Marketing Concept organizations have to balance company profits, customers’ wants and the society's interests. The problem is to determine what is best for the society in this case. Because there is a difference between short term consumers’ wants and long term consumers’ welfare (Brown, 2005). This issue can be very hard to handle, because it is not all companies market with a social conscience. In one hand consumers say they want healthier foods, but in the other hand, their behavior focus towards unhealthy foods. Some companies may have initiated sincere efforts to provide healthier products; however, it is complicated to modify the consumer’s behavior in this regards (Knowledge@Wharton, 2005). As indicated by The Soy Daily (2003) over recent years rates of obesity have escalated rapidly, increasing consumption of diets high in fats and sugars, and declining levels of physical activity. This behavior generates a marketing opportunity to the food industry, which benefits them due to the heavily supported marketing campaigns the do to attract consumers (Leatherhad Food International, 2004). Even though some organizations such as Children's Advertising Review Unit (CARU) announced its intentions to enforce a new level of advertising to good nutritional practices and even asked a big company like Burger King to aggressively promote healthier alternative, this efforts are not enough (Commercial Free Childhood, 2005). These policies or guidelines contradict the interests of an industry that encourages people to eat more. If people really ate less, food producers, retailers and fast-food among others, would lose business. Even schools can be affected on the income they receive from companies marketing fast foods and soft drinks. That is why food companies take full advantage of their connections in Congress and federal agencies to make sure that anti-obesity campaigns focus on individual food choices, not food marketing practices (Nestle, 2000). 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How would you use the information on which Americans trust for marketing purposes? These data provided by the s... ...rce Lays Responsibility on Food Industry For A Major Transformation in Diet. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://thesoydailyclub.com/Research/obesity08292003.asp Knowledge@Wharton (February 23, 2005). Marketing & Obesity. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://www.the-river.net/2005/02/marketing_obesi.html Leatherhad Food International (June 2004). Emerging Concepts in the Global Food & Drink Industry. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://www.lfra.co.uk/lfi/pdf/press820.pdf Commercial Free Childhood (March 15, 2005). Food Advertising Pushed Into Harsh Spotlight. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://www.commercialexploitation.org/news/articles/carustiffensguidelines.htm Nestle, M. (June 22, 2000). Fight on Obesity Faces Hefty Commercial Problems. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://www.commercialalert.org/obesitynestle.htm Neitlich, A. (November 21, 2003). A Revolutionary Marketing Strategy...Trust Me. Retrieved on March 21, 2005 from: http://www.sitepoint.com/article/marketing-strategy-trust Joyce, M. & Stewart, J (August 1999). What can we learn from time-use data? Retrieved on March 22, 2005 from: http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/1999/08/art1full.pdf

Company called Bookshop Essay

1. Introduction 1. 1 Background The company that I have chosen to do my project on is a small book distribution company called Bookshop. Bookshop is a small company based in South London and was set up in early 2002. They have a small workforce of 4 people. Each person therefore has a large and important role to the company. Each worker is always hard pushed to meet deadlines for schools and social centres demanding books. Because that are a small company they cannot afford to have large computer staff to look after al their accounts. They are limited to the time that they can spend on different tasks. Each day they deal with a round i 1000 worth of orders, but this might vary to as much as i 4500 or as little as i 500. The director of the company has put in a large lump sum as a loan to start off the company, which she hopes will trunk into profits, which she will later recoup. 1. 2 Statement of the problem I have conducted an interview with the director of the company and we encountered the following problems.   Because the bookshop is new, there are many things that could go wrong and caused bankruptcy. There is the fact that the company has no real image and cannot conduct rely on customers. Therefore they need to profit maximise. They need all staff working to their full potential. They need no wastes of time with things that can be done automatically.   Also with the small amount of money available to them they had o make do with old computers, which ran old computer programs that are DOS based. The problem that ABC Books as a company has is that it is limited to the workforce that it ca spend on different tasks. Therefore time is a major part of what is wrong. If there were a way that was quicker than the current way to do it then the time taken by each person would be greatly reduced and there may be a chance that each person would have more time to do other jobs. For example two people handle all the accounts.   If there were an easier way then they might only need 1 person and therefore there would be an extra person left over to do other work. Because of a shortage of time that they spend on the accounts, orders don’t get delivered and because it is a small business, it needs all the orders it can get and any a late order and schools will look to other suppliers. This was picked up on by Pat Horsefield (director) when a meeting was held to discuss the problems with the system. Mrs. Horsefield feels that:   with the introduction of a computer accounts system,   a system that can process customer orders faster and more accurately,   a reduction in the amount of paper generated by the system and feels that a â€Å"centralised† system could improve communication between staff, then the whole company will run more smoothly and then they would make more money and she would start going in to profit. As the company is new they have not got enough capital to go out and but fleets of vans and cars, they have to rely on people own cars and transport of that of a delivery company which all costs money. Because of this they need to save money on expensive large especially designed programs by large specialist company’s that produce such programs. 2. Investigation 2. 1 The current system The current system that the company use is a spreadsheet package that was created 17 years ago and is therefore quite basic and not easy use for all the staff that are used to more modern forms of spreadsheets. At the moment as each school places an order, it has to go through a processing system that takes a long time to fill out. Input Processing Output Forename Surname Position School Address Home Phone Mobile Books ordered Total Price Paid Payment method This is the route that the current data takes. 2. 2 Constraints of the Current system The format of the current accounting system is in DOS and therefore has no GUI that is useable to a user for formats like EXCEL. The software and hardware are old and need to be replaced. That main one is that it is not like the new accounts systems such as EXCEL and SAGE Line 100. There are many problems encountered when external people wish to view the accounts i. e. Auditors.   Another problem is that when outside people wish to review the accounts, they are totally unfamiliar with the system and are not able to use it correctly. This is mainly because of the layout and the basic look of the interface. There is one major problem with the actual system and that is that it does not automatically perform calculations. Therefore all calculations need to be done using a calculator. This is time consuming. If there were a way that the users could just put in numbers and the computer could automatically calculate the totals and the answers the user would have more time to do other things.   Due to the lack of complexity of the system, errors are often made. 3. Requirements of the new system 3. 1 General objectives The general objectives that I hope to be able to achieve are:   To create an up-to-date system that can be easily used by the staff and new staff   To be based on a modern GUI that all users will understand. To make it self explanatory so that new users will be able to pick up the methods quickly.   It will need o be able to hold the company’s accounts   There will be no need for passwords to any of the data, as no strict personal data is held on the computer 3. 2 Specific objectives – quantitative Customer accounts should be found in less then 20 seconds   The user should be able to locate a page by using in the click of a button.   All users should be able to use the system to do accounts.   Customer Details should be able to be printed off at the click of a button. There should be buttons to do all reasonable jobs (print/open/add) All pages should have links back to all the other pages, with the click of a macro and should be clearly labelled. 4. The current systems 4. 1 Hardware The hardware that is available to the users is a small LAN of 4 computers and a server. All the computers have a barcode scanner for scanning in book barcode numbers and ISBN’s. The computers that I have available for me to use are a set of 5 networked PC’s at my house of which one has a barcode scanner. At college there is a large number of networked PC’s for pupils use.    Intel Pentium 4 Processor Processor Speed: 2. 0 GHz All 5 of the PCs that I have available to me at my house are all the same. (see above) 4. 2 Software The software that the user has available is Microsoft Windows 95 professional edition with Office 95 and all relevant software for the barcode scanners and for the tele-book ordering. What I have available to use is Microsoft XP professional with Office 2000 which has excel, which I’m using to create the new spreadsheet program 4. 3 User’s IT skills and knowledge I feel that the users ICT knowledge and skills are limited to what they can do. They are inexperienced in computer use and therefore they have not developed, because of this there will need to be a basic and informative and self-explanatory interface. I think that the interface will need to be bold and relevant to the tasks. The user manual will have basic information in using the system as well as a trouble shooting section. 1. Consideration of a possible solution There are many different packages that I could use to create an accounts program there is Sage Line100, which is widely used in large company businesses. There is also Microsoft own Excel, which is widely used, in smaller businesses. I am going to use excel to create the program because it is the most commonly available and is therefore the best choice to use. I think that it is also the easiest to use out of the two because many people use the program already and have a basic knowledge of the program already and how it works. It is also a lot clearer to see than the basic graphics of Line100. there is also the case that Excel is cheaper to buy than a copy of Sage Line100. at i 250, Line100 is rather too expensive for a small company. I feel that with the cheaper, only i 89. 99 Excel they will have a better deal on their hands.   

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology Data cleaning is a crucial part of data analysis, particularly when you collect your own quantitative data. After you collect the data, you must enter it into a computer program such as SAS, SPSS, or Excel. During this process, whether it is done by hand or a computer scanner does it, there will be errors. No matter how carefully the data has been entered, errors are inevitable. This could mean incorrect coding, incorrect reading of written codes, incorrect sensing of blackened marks, missing data, and so on. Data cleaning is the process of detecting and correcting these coding errors. There are two types of data cleaning that needs to be performed to data sets. They are possible code cleaning and contingency cleaning. Both are crucial to the data analysis process because if ignored, you will almost always produce misleading research finding. Possible-Code Cleaning Any given variable will have a specified set of answer choices and codes to match each answer choice. For example, the variable gender will have three answer choices and codes for each: 1 for male, 2 for female, and 0 for no answer. If you have a respondent coded as 6 for this variable, it is clear that an error has been made since that is not a possible answer code. Possible-code cleaning is the process of checking to see that only the codes assigned to the answer choices for each question (possible codes) appear in the data file. Some computer programs and statistical software packages available for data entry check for these types of errors as the data is being entered. Here, the user defines the possible codes for each question before the data is entered. Then, if a number outside of the pre-defined possibilities is entered, an error message appears. For example, if the user tried to enter a 6 for gender, the computer might beep and refuse the code. Other computer programs are designed to test for illegitimate codes in completed data files. That is, if they were not checked during the data entry process as just described, there are ways to check the files for coding errors after data entry is complete. If you are not using a computer program that checks for coding errors during the data entry process, you can locate some errors simply by examining the distribution of responses to each item in the data set. For example, you could generate a frequency table for the variable gender and here you would see the number 6 that was mis-entered. You could then search for that entry in the data file and correct it. Contingency Cleaning The second type of data cleaning is called contingency cleaning and is a little more complicated than possible-code cleaning. The logical structure of the data may place certain limits on the responses of certain respondents or on certain variables. Contingency cleaning is the process of checking that only those cases that should have data on a particular variable do in fact have such data. For example, let’s say that you have a questionnaire in which you ask respondents how many times they have been pregnant. All female respondents should have a response coded in the data. Males, however, should either be left blank or should have a special code for failing to answer. If any males in the data are coded as having 3 pregnancies, for example, you know there is an error and it needs to be corrected. References Babbie, E. (2001). The Practice of Social Research: 9th Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson.

Sasha Gutierrez Essays - English-language Films, Films, Fiction

Sasha Gutierrez Essays - English-language Films, Films, Fiction Sasha Gutierrez Eng.101 Prof.Klatzkin December 16,2016 What is it that makes a person who they are? Can we attribute who we are to our environment, or genetics, or the kind of up bring we are given? Regardless of the variables it is important to establish a sense of self. Discovering who we are as a person can be somewhat of a journey beginning from childhood influences and steaming into adulthood. Asian American author Amy Tan coming into her own involved both learning from her mother as well as rebelling against her. In her story " Mother's Tongue " we see Amy come to appreciate things in her mother she originally saw as flaws and how she incorporated them into her career as a writer. On the contrary in her story "Two Kinds" we see Amy reject her mother's way of trying to shape her and awaken her desire to be her unique self. These stories illustrate two different ways that up bring affects who a person is and how they come into establish a sense of self. In the story "Mother's Tongue" we start off reading Amy Tan's view of the English language. We see that she doesn't have a traditional view on the English language. She doesn't view English language as a uniform thing. She believes in multiple "Englishes" for example the professional, scholarly English she uses in her professional life and the much less formal English she uses with her mother. When depicting conversations with her mother the conversation would appear to be improper due to, fragmented sentences because it is grammatically incorrect. Amy's mother's way of speaking not only to Amy is what is commonly referred to as "broken English". At the younger stages of her life Amy recalls feeling embarrassed of her mother's English because of the reaction she got from people. On several occasions Amy served as a sort of translator for her mother when people claimed to be unable to adequately understand her. This in turn made a younger more impressionable Amy feel the need to prove her mastery over the English language. However, Amy realized she was not doing as well academically in English classes as she did in other subjects caused by her perception of English language not being a uniform thing. For Amy the answers to her English test did not make sense because language presented so many possibilities for a fitting answer. It was not precise like other subjects such as math or science. Subjects like math or science are things Amy saw her fellow Asian students pursuing and excelling at but Amy had something to prove and also as foreshadowing for her inner rebel chose to get into writing. What an older Amy later realizes is how much her mother's form of speaking was influencing her at the time." It's my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, full of observation and imagery. That was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed things, made sense of the world. "Realizing this Amy was able to stop viewing the way she spoke to her mother and the way she spoke outside of home as two separate identities and incorporate both into the writing of her book The Joy Luck Club. What we see in this story is both Amy Tan the individual and Amy Tan the product of her environment. Amy pursued writing out of her own volition on her mission to prove that she could master the English language but Amy finding her identity as a writer and seeing the uniqueness that is the language spoken at home or amongst family is largely due to her mother's influence . On the contrary to what we see in Mother's Tongue the story "Two Kinds" by Amy Tan we don't see Amy learning about herself from her mother but establishing who she is by rebelling against her. Amy begins that story sharing her mother's enthusiasm towards the endless opportunities America presents "You could be anything you wanted in America" is what her mother believed and tried to pass on to her young daughter. Together they pursued the idea of molding Amy into some sort of child prodigy. They